A "general" makeup routine requires several distinct steps or "layers" that build upon each other

A "general" makeup routine requires several distinct steps or "layers" that build upon each other, typically starting with skincare, primer, foundation, concealer, powder, blush, eye makeup (eyeshadow, eyeliner, mascara), and ending with lips (lipstick/gloss) and setting spray. The exact number of layers varies by individual preference and desired coverage, but applying products in thin layers, especially foundation, prevents a heavy or cakey look. 
A Typical Makeup Layering Order
Skincare
Start by completing your skin care routine (moisturizer) to prep your skin.
Base
Primer: Creates a barrier and smooths skin for foundation.
Color Corrector (optional): Addresses specific skin concerns like redness or dark spots.
Foundation: Provides an even base, with thin layers for desired coverage.
Concealer: Applied after foundation to cover blemishes or under-eye areas.
Powder: Sets the liquid products and controls shine.
Face Enhancements
Bronzer/Contour: Adds definition and warmth to the face.
Blush: Gives color to the cheeks.
Highlighter: Adds a luminous glow to high points of the face.
Eye & Brow Makeup
Eyebrows: Fill and define brows using a pencil or gel.
Eyeshadow: Applies color and definition to the eyelids.
Eyeliner: Defines the lash line.
Mascara: Applied last to the lashes, after eyeliner.
Lip Makeup
Lip Liner (optional): Defines the lip shape.
Lipstick/Lip Gloss: The finishing touch for your lips.
Setting
Setting Spray: Melds the products together and increases wear time. 
Tips for Layering
Thin Layers are Key: Avoid applying too much product at once, as this can make makeup look heavy or mask-like.
Wait Briefly Between Steps: Allow each layer to settle slightly before applying the next to prevent products from mixing and diluting.
Customization is Normal: The order and number of layers can be adjusted based on your preferences and the specific look you're trying to achieve.